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Category Archives: Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

Ted Roosevelt’s life in words

25 Saturday Feb 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Theodore (Ted) Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace (NPS), Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

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Roosevelt at Doubleday, Brooklyn Daily Eagle 20 Aug 1910If you live in or around New York City please remember that I will be speaking about the writing and publishing career of Ted Roosevelt at the Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace on Saturday 4 March, one week from today. I wrote about his father Theodore Roosevelt’s journalistic career last week. It is more complicated than I can go into here–that’s what the talk is for–but one thread to keep in mind when it comes to the Roosevelt clan is that the written word was important to almost all of them. Ted was an executive at Doubleday in the 1930s, after his stints in Puerto Rico and the Philippines and before he rejoined the Army in 1941. His father knew the Doubledays well and even laid the cornerstone for the publishing house’s Garden City Long Island headquarters when they relocated from New York City in 1910. If you note, in the caption he emphasizes the shift from the city to what was then rural Long Island and what he sees as the positive influence it will have for people and business–like Doubleday–who make that demographic shift. It is not reading too much into it to say he is foreseeing the post-Second World War rise of suburbia. Levittown was in Long Island.

I have been pulling my speaking material together this week and have started gathering the images as well, which I intend to put into a Powerpoint later today. The image above is from the 20 August 1910 Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Roosevelt would have just gotten back from his post-presidential safari in Africa and return swing through Europe, where he accepted his Nobel Peace Prize and attended the funeral of King Edward VII that May. Note the heaviness of Roosevelt’s dark suit, which he is wearing under no shade in the dog days of August. It is lost on us how grueling the speaking circuit can be for politicians.

“The Livest Magazine in America”

19 Sunday Feb 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

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I came across this piece the other day. It is a February 1917 advertisement for Metropolitan Magazine advising subscribers, and potential subscribers, to get their accounts up-to-date before the subscription rates go up. What drew my eye was the line near the bottom admonishing: “Don’t Forget! THEODORE ROOSEVELT writes EXCLUSIVELY for the METROPOLITAN.”

Metropolitan Magazine advertisement, Brooklyn Daily Eagle Feb 18 1917

Metropolitan Magazine advertisement, Brooklyn Daily Eagle Sunday 18 February 1917

It is often lost on us that Roosevelt first-and-foremost saw himself as a writer, and not just in a theoretical sense; he relied on his writing to pay the bills, maintain a large house, and provide for a wife, six kids and growing brood of grandchildren. That said he also appreciated the power that a regular writing gig offered him in getting his views out, especially after losing the bully pulpit. Roosevelt began at The Outlook just days after leaving the White House in 1909 and by the mid-1910s was producing a monthly column for the Metropolitan. Theodore Dreiser, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Jack London and John Reed were just a few of the other contributors to what the publishers called “the livest magazine in America.”

This February 1917 advert emphasized Roosevelt’s exclusivity to the Metropolitan but actually he did not stay with the magazine much longer. Events relating to the Great War were now moving so quickly that the monthly format was no longer practical for Roosevelt. In late summer the Kansas City Star began to woo the Colonel and in early October he published the first of his weekly editorials about the war for that newspaper, with a focus on what he saw as Woodrow Wilson’s poor response to the conflict. He stayed with the Star until the end of his life fifteen months later.

(image/Brooklyn Daily Eagle)

Today in history: Colonel and Mrs. Roosevelt visit Governors Island

17 Friday Feb 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Governors Island, Preparedness (WW1), Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

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Civilian Plattsburgh participants march on Governors Island with broomsticks, February 1917. It is not clear from the original Brooklyn Daily Eagle caption if this image was taken the day Colonel Roosevelt turned out at Governors Island on 17 February 1917 to meet Leonard Wood and give his support to the men.

Civilian Plattsburg participants march on the Governors Island parade ground with broomsticks, winter 1917. It is unclear from the original Brooklyn Daily Eagle caption if this image was taken the day Colonel Roosevelt turned out at Governors Island on 17 February 1917.

Over the past century and a half many American presidents have visited Governors Island either before, during or after their administrations. Theodore Roosevelt visited one hundred years ago. His purpose was to meet the Commander of the Department of the East Major General Leonard Wood. Wood of course had been helping with the organization of the Plattsburg Preparedness camps that had taken place in Upstate New York over the previous few summers. With unrestricted German submarine now again a reality Preparedness was taking on increasing urgency. And so on the afternoon of Saturday 17 February 1917 Theodore and Theodore Roosevelt took the ten-minute ferry from Lower Manhattan. Roosevelt’s appearance was quite public; the former commander-in-chief received not one but two twenty-one gun salutes.

The Roosevelts had lunch with Wood and other dignitaries and watched a group of forty Plattsburg men, whom Roosevelt referred to as “rookies,” drill. The Plattsburgers apparently had been drilling most Saturdays for some time. One of the most striking things about the drill to Roosevelt was that the men had no rifles; instead they carried broomsticks as they marched. Not one to mince words, especially when given a chance to take a shot at Woodrow Wilson, Roosevelt had something to say on the matter for the assembled journalists, averring that he was “filled with wonder and shame that a great people like ours should be in such a state of unpreparedness” as the country headed toward war.

On a happier note enjoy your Presidents Day Weekend, everyone.

(image/Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 20 February 1917)

 

Taking pause on this snow day

09 Thursday Feb 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

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The New York Times captured the June 1945 wedding of Theodora Roosevelt.

The 9 June 1945 New York Times captured the wedding of Theodora Roosevelt.

We are having our first snow day of the year here in Brooklyn. I got the call last night that our college was closed today. I can hear the snow trucks clearing the roads as I type this. It’s a nice little pause after the push that has been the first ten days of the semester. I intend to write 750 words today on the Roosevelt Sr. book. An interesting bit came through my email alerts the other day: this New York Times article about the June 1945 wedding of Theodora Roosevelt, daughter of Archie and granddaughter of Theodore, to artist Thomas C. Keogh. Ms. Roosevelt was a June bride but the story is more interesting than that; the wedding came just one month after V-E Day and less than a year after the death of her uncle, Ted Roosevelt. Theodora was not a war bride per se–Keogh was born in San Fransisco–but the marriage fit into the trend of quick matrimony coming as the war winded down. That is of course what led to the Baby Boom. It is interesting how this phenomenon took place after the Second World War but less so after the First. Perhaps a reason so many GIs in Europe took local brides is that the Americans had such a huge presence in England in those years prior to the D-Day invasion. So pressing was the issue that Congress eventually passed the War Brides Act in December 1945. There is a story here somewhere.

I did not know who Theodora Roosevelt was until reading this the other day. A little digging shows that she and Keogh divorced in the mid-1960s and that she remarried twice. Theodora Keogh died in 2008. This 2011 Paris Review article informs us that she was Alice’s favorite niece. Following in the great Roosevelt literary tradition Theodora was also a prolific author, in her case a novelist who authored no less than nine books. She was a quite striking woman who had the quick smile and natural grace that some in her extended family exuded with such ease.

3 February 1917: a turning point

03 Friday Feb 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Great War centennial, Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President), Woodrow Wilson, WW1

≈ 2 Comments

President Wilson speaks to Congress on 3 February 1917 announcing the severing of relations with Germany

President Wilson speaks to Congress on 3 February 1917 announcing the severing of relations with Germany

The Great War reached a major turning point in the first week of February 1917. To the horror of German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, on January 31 Kaiser Wilhelm II allowed his military leadership to resume unrestricted submarine warfare against the Allies and their supporters. It was not quite the final straw for the United States; the pacifist sentiment among a majority of Americans was still too great. The New York Peace Party, for one, implored President Wilson to explore every measure for avoiding entrance into the war. Wilson was caught in the middle of several competing military and political forces, domestically and abroad. One hundred years ago today at 2:00 pm President Wilson addressed a joint session of Congress announcing the severing of diplomatic relations with Imperial Germany.

For all the talk among Preparedness advocates–not least Theodore Roosevelt–that Wilson was doing too little, the sitting president had been increasing America’s military readiness for much of the past year, especially with the appointment of Newton Baker as Secretary of War the previous March. It would take a few sinkings and the Zimmerman Telegram to finally bring America fully into the war. No one knew it at the time of course, but Wilson would address Congress asking for a declaration of war less than two months later on April 2.

(image/Library of Congress)

Arnold Whitridge, 1891-1989

29 Sunday Jan 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President), Those we remember, Writing, WW1, WW2

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Arnold Whitridge as seen in The 1936 Yale Banner and PotpourriSome of you may remember just after the new year when I wrote about the funeral of Frederick W. Whitridge.. My post about his son Arnold is up and running over at Roads to the Great War. Arnold Whitrdige died twenty-eight years ago today.

(image/Yale Banner and Potpourri, 1936)

One Tuesday in January . . .

17 Tuesday Jan 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Museums, Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President), Ulysses S. Grant (General and President)

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U.S. Grant bust, Met MuseumYesterday morning I submitted a piece (to which I will link when the time comes) and then headed to the Metropolitan Museum of Art for Holiday Monday. It was not as crowded as I thought it would be. I suppose the warmer weather had people outside. I saw this bust Grant that I had not previously seen before. I intentionally left a portion of the vase in the lower right hand corner for scale. In a sense he was an opponent of the Roosevelt family because Grant ally Roscoe Conkling vehemently opposed Theodore Roosevelt Senior’s 1877 nomination to lead the Port of New York. Perhaps that partially explaining the strained relationship between their sons, Theodore Roosevelt and Frederick Dent Grant, had a strained relationship when they were on the NYC Board of Police several decades later.

It is still the intersession and I am off this week to write. The original plan was to go to Washington and work but with the inaugural taking place it seemed wiser to stay away. They say it’s going to rain today and tomorrow, which makes for good writing weather.

Frederick W. Whitridge, 1852-1916

02 Monday Jan 2017

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President), Theodore Roosevelt Sr (Father), Those we remember, WW1

≈ 2 Comments

The funeral of Frederick W. Whitridge was in Manhattan's Grace Church one hundred years ago today.

The funeral of Frederick W. Whitridge was in Manhattan’s Grace Church one hundred years ago today.

Theodore Roosevelt was in Manhattan on 2 January 1917 for the funeral of his friend Frederick W. Whitridge. Whitridge had been the long serving president of the Third Avenue Elevated Line and had died on 30 December. The funeral was at Grace Church on Broadway and 10th Street. Colonel Roosevelt was a pallbearer along with Joseph H. Choate, J.P. Morgan, British diplomat Cecil Spring-Rice and others. It was fitting that Ambassador Spring-Rice was there; Whitridge, an American, was the son-in-law of British poet Matthew Arnold.

The Third Avenue El was part of New York life for decades.

The Third Avenue El was part of New York life for decades.

One can say this of anyone in any era but Whitridge’s funeral signaled an interesting before-and-after moment. Decades earlier Whitridge had been a supporter of Theodore Roosevelt Sr., coming to his aide after the powerful New York senator Roscoe Conkling blocked his appointment to the New York Custom House during the Hayes Administration. In the 1880s Whitridge was a Civil Service reformer, which is presumably where he came into Roosevelt’s orbit. As mentioned Whitridge was the president of the Third Avenue Elevated Line, one of the four commuter rails that took New Yorkers about their daily lives until being torn down after the Second World War. As leader he was charged with the thankless tasks of negotiating stock portfolios and handling worker strikes. This was no small thing: the elevated lines were part of the daily fabric of New York life and any disruption was duly noted by the public.

One person who missed the funeral was Frederick’s son, Captain Arnold Whitridge, who had been serving with the British Royal Field Artillery since 1915. Arnold was actually an American, a 1913 graduate of Yale, who was attending Oxford when the Great War broke out in summer 1914. With his father’s death he was back in the United States though not for long. When the U.S. entered the war in April 1917 he joined the A.E.F. and soon found himself in France once more.

(top image, Library of Congress; bottom NYPL)

A man in the arena

23 Tuesday Aug 2016

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Historiography, Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

≈ 2 Comments

IMG_3408The other day I received the brochure you see here in the mail. It is for the 11th annual Roosevelt symposium at Dickinson State University in North Dakota. When one thinks of Roosevelt’s legacy the Birthplace in Manhattan and the house in Oyster Bay, Long Island immediately come to mind, along with the Theodore Roosevelt Association too of course. The staff at Dickinson State’s Theodore Roosevelt Center however have been doing an incredible job preserving TR’s legacy. I noted with interest that this year’s focus is Theodore Roosevelt as elective candidate. It is lost on some today how many constituencies to whom Roosevelt had to appeal to in his decades of public service. He entered the arena for the first time in 1884 and remained so more or less continuously until 1912. Like a good politician he could many things to many people: an old Knickerbocker to his Silk Stocking Manhattan neighbors, a Southerner below the Mason-Dixon line through his mother’s side of the family, and a cow poke out West.

In a presidential election year it is easy to see why organizers are focusing on Roosevelt as candidate. Of course his hat was not in the ring 100 years ago; after the fracture of the Republican Party in 1912 he sat out the campaign four years later. He was a perennial thorn in Woodrow Wilson’s backside in the lead-up to the 1916 election. Running on the mantra that he had kept America out of the European war, Wilson defeated Charles Evans Hughes fairly handily. Alas I will not be able to attend the symposium but I do intend to keep an eye on if the TRC will be live streaming the conference, which runs from September 29-October 1.

The Fort Jay eagle

12 Sunday Jun 2016

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Governors Island, National Park Service, Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

≈ 2 Comments

I am sitting in a coffee shop in Downtown Brooklyn as I type this. It’s clear and bright outside. I was back on Governors Island yesterday. It was good seeing old faces along with some new ones. I can already tell it’s going to be a special summer. We had our orientation, part of which included a special behind-the-scenes look at the restoration of the eagle atop Fort Jay. The sculpture is one of the oldest built-structures in New York City, tracing back to the construction of the fort in the 1790s. Over the centuries that Army and then the Coast Guard did what they could to preserve the sandstone figure; still, because historic preservation falls outside the bounds of their missions, their efforts were helpful but sometimes haphazard. Time, salt air and harbor winds took their toll, and Superstorm Sandy damaged the statue even further. The current renovation work has been progressing with all the accouterments of modern preservation techniques. As it turns out Governors Island National Monument is in the running with nineteen other NPS sites in a competition for funding to further the work. Learn more–and vote–here if you are so inclined. One can vote once a day through July 5.

IMG_3189

A ranger discusses the ins-and-outs of the project.

A ranger discusses the ins-and-outs of the project.

IMG_3193

The sandstone is heavy and is moved into place with hoists. One can the scaffolded eagle in the background.

The sandstone is heavy and is moved into place with hoists. One can see the scaffolded eagle in the background.

IMG_3195

The eagle as seen in a late nineteenth century publication of the Military Service Institution.

The eagle as seen in a late nineteenth century publication of the Military Service Institution. Note that it is called Fort Columbus here, which was the fort’s name for about a century until Elihu Root changed the name back to Fort Jay during the Theodore Roosevelt Administration.

Find your park.

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