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Category Archives: Gettysburg

Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton, cont’d

14 Sunday Sep 2014

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Gettysburg, New York City

≈ 3 Comments

I wrote the post below last summer. This morning, as I often do on Sunday mornings on my way to Governors Island, I stopped in to this church for a few minutes. It is a quiet respite from the city and a place to gather one’s thoughts before the day gets underway. I noticed there were a larger number of flowers spread about. It turns out that today is the anniversary of 1975 canonization of Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton. IMG_1464 One of the most intriguing things about Lower Manhattan, at least to me, is its juxtaposition of the old, often very old, and the new. Judging by the photograph in the previous post, one could be forgiven for not grasping this. In the midst of all those skyscrapers, however, right there on tip in fact, is the St. Elizabeth Seton Shrine. From afar one cannot see it amidst the much taller buildings, but it is there. Here it is close up, as I took it last week. The skyscrapers are clearly visible behind it. All of this is right across the street from the Staten Island ferry.

Shrine of Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton, 7 State Street

Shrine of Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton, State Street, New York City

Saint Elizabeth was beatified by Pope John XXIII in 1963 and canonized in 1975. In fact, she was the first native born American so designated. Seton was born Elizabeth Ann Bailey in New York CIty in 1774 just prior to the American Revolution. Her family bounced around a great deal during and after the war, living in Pelham, Staten Island, and in different spots in Lower Manhattan. At one time they lived next to Alexander Hamilton at 27 Wall Street. (Hamilton is buried in nearby Trinity Church, in an unmarked grave. ) She and her husband even fêted George Washington, on his sixty-fifth birthday no less. Legend has it that the structure above may have been a stop on the Underground Railroad, though evidence proving so has not surfaced. It was used for the Union War effort during the Civil War. Here is the plaque  on the exterior wall. Watson House plaque Many of these buildings were torn down in the mid-twentieth century to make way for office space. That is New York City for you. Here are a few more details. Seton hanging plaque

Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton

Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton

The story is more detailed than I am writing here, but Elizabeth ended up converting to Catholicism, moving to Maryland, and founding the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph’s in Emmistburg in 1809 . She died there in 1824. Those who know their Gettysburg Campaign may know where I am going with this. The First and Eleventh Corps both passed through Emmitsburg hurrying on their way to the battle. The Sisters of Charity, with other locals, gave assistance to the Army of the Potomac in the form of food, rest, and information about the surrounding area. Here is the view of the terrain.

View from St. Joseph's College and Mother Seton Shrine, Emmitsburg, MD

View from St. Joseph’s College and Mother Seton Shrine, Emmitsburg

One of the most touching vignettes about the Battle of Gettysburg is the death of General John Reynolds. Reynolds of course died on July 1st, killed instantly by a bullet to the head. Unbeknownst to his family until just after his death, Reynolds was secretly engaged to a woman named Kate Hewitt. He was even wearing something like an engagement ring, engraved “Dear Kate”, when he died. After his death, Kate Hewitt joined the Sisters of Charity in Emmitsburg but disappeared mysteriously three years after the war. The Hayfoot and I had wanted to stop here for several years and finally did this past June during the 150th anniversary of the Gettysburg Campaign. Gettysburg itself is about 6-8 miles up the road. It is an incredible story on so many levels.

Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton's final resting place, St. Joseph’s Cemetery

Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton’s final resting place, St. Joseph’s Cemetery

(St. Joseph’s College image/Mike Rakoski, NPS)

From Gettysburg to Plattsburg

17 Monday Mar 2014

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Gettysburg, WW1

≈ 2 Comments

Over the weekend I finished Edward J. Renehan’s The Lion’s Pride: Theodore Roosevelt and His Family in Peace and War. It details the Roosevlt family’s role in the First World War. All four of his sons were in uniform and the youngest, Quentin, was killed. Even daughter Ethel served in France, as a nurse.

A Spanish-American War headstone tilts on a hillside in Brooklyn's Green-Wood Cemetery

A Spanish-American War headstone tilts on a hillside in Brooklyn’s Green-Wood Cemetery

One of my big  things for the upcoming season at Governors Island is to tie the Civil War Generation together with the individuals who came afterward and fought in the Spanish-American and Great Wars. There are all kinds of nationalist, reconciliationist, and other themes to explore. In just one “for instance,” General Joseph Wheeler fought in Cuba with Roosevelt and later served at Governors Island.

Last night I stared The Citizen Soldier: The Plattsburg Camp Movement, 1913-1920. The Plattsburg Camp did not open until 1915, but there were precursors at Gettybsurg and Monterey dating back to 1913. I do not know if the Gettysburg preparationist camp, not to be confused with Camp Colt that came along later, was on the battlefield or not.

In one of those serendipitious moments that is too good to be true, an article came through my in-box this afternoon announcing the publication tomorrow of Teddy Roosevelt and Leonard Wood: Partners in Command. Wood was the original colonel of the Rough Riders, prior to his own promotion and Roosevelt’s ascension to his former position. Wood was on Governors Island during the Taft and Wilson Administrations. Roosevelt and Wood is the posthumous, final book of John S.D. Eisenhower. I am really excited about the possibilities of tying things together.

One woman’s Gettysburg

13 Thursday Mar 2014

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Civil War sesquicentennial, Gettysburg

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t2613

I got my sesquicentennial on last night and went to St. Francis College in Brooklyn to see a one-person play about Gettysburg. The show, appropriately enough, was titled Gettysburg: One Woman’s War and starred actress Michele LaRue. The play was actually three separate stories, each based on a different moment in Gettysburg history: 1 July 1863, 19 November 1863, and the 50th anniversary in 1913. These stories were all written by Elsie Singmaster, who I must confess I had never heard of until yesterday. Singmaster was born in 1878 and, unfortunately for her legacy, has been tagged a “regional writer” for her many works on the Pennsylvania German community. Her star seems to have risen in recent years with the rise of Women’s Studies, though any type of labeling is fraught with its own pitfalls.

I had a brief but pleasant conversation with Ms. LaRue after the performance during the reception. I told her that my favorite place in Gettysburg is Evergreen Cemetery because so much of the town’s history is there in front of you. She got a kick out of that. The vignettes Ms. LaRue adapted all came from Singmaster’s 1913 collection Gettysburg: Stories of the Red Harvest and the Aftermath. One can check it out online if so inclined.

Gettysburg’s Federal Building

19 Wednesday Feb 2014

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Gettysburg, Libraries, Philately

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Gettysburg Federal Building

Gettysburg Federal Building

As I sit here typing these words I can hear the snow and ice melting on the side of the house. Can spring be far behind? These last six weeks of cold and hibernation have gotten me thinking about summer, trying to calculate if and when were are going to go to Gettysburg. One thing I am still trying to process is last year’s Gettysburg sesquicentennial. There was so much to see, watch, and read that I’m still trying to sift through it all.

I am far from an expert on Gettysburg  but I have been there at least a half dozen times and know the history and memory of the campaign fairly well. I mentioned in a post awhile back that one of my Gettysburg turning points was when I no longer saw Gettysburg as a tourist destination or  historic site, but as a town. That is, as a place where people live, take their kids to Little League, cut the grass, and do all sorts of other mundane things. Ironically seeing Gettysburg in this context is what gave me a deeper understanding of the Gettysburg Campaign. It hit me hardest in the local cemetery.

One of the neat buildings on Baltimore Street is one that most tourists never see, let alone set foot in: the Gettysburg Federal Building. As it turns out, the structure is celebrating its 100th anniversary next week. Howard Taft approved the building, which locals were hoping would be done in time for the 50th anniversary in 1913. If you do the math you will see that that is not what happened. The building was many things over the years, including a post office. It’s interesting how old post offices often had that strong, assertive pose. The building is a testimony to the town’s importance. Eisenhower kept an office there as well. Today it is the Adams County Public Library.

(image/Gettysburg Daily)

Arthur Kennell

29 Friday Nov 2013

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Dwight D. Eisenhower, Gettysburg, Those we remember

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799px-Evercemadams_gatehouseOne of the last  vestiges of Dwight Eisenhower’s Gettysburg is no longer with us. Eisenhower’s  local caddy and longtime superintendent of Gettysburg Country Club, Arthur Kennell, has passed away at the age of 86. Kennell worked at the GCC starting in the 1950s and retired in 1976 because he found the job so stressful. That Bicentennial Year he took a job of even greater prominence: caretaker of Evergreen Cemetery. As such, he lived in one of the most recognizable structures in all of Civil War iconography, the Evergreen Gatehouse.

The wife and I visit Gettysburg every summer but it was not until two years ago that we first made it to Evergreen. It instantly became my favorite place in the town. Cemetery Ridge is called Cemetery Ridge because of Evergreen; the fighting went right through it. What I find most touching walking the grounds is the way one sees the history of the battle and the town in front of you. The Culps, the Herbsts, even Gettys himself, are right there. It was all managed in such detail by Mr. Kennell, and now by his son Brian. When he was a kid, Boy Scout Art assisted elderly veterans during Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s 1938 visit for the 75 anniversary of the battle. Now there is a reminder that the war was not long ago in the grand scheme of things. Imagine telling that one to Ike.

What is perhaps most impressive about Mr. Kennell’s work at Evergreen is the manner in which he modernized the cemetery without detracting from its traditions in any way. For instance, in his years of service he gave increased prominence to the women of the town in their service during the war.

Art caddied hundreds of rounds for President Eisenhower adding up to over 1,000 hours on the bag. Having the groundskeeper as one’s caddy would be  decided advantage. He helped design the putting green at the Eisenhower Farm as well. It is sad to know that this unique individual is no longer part of Gettysburg.

(image/Donald E. Coho)

Roosevelt and Gettysburg

24 Sunday Nov 2013

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Gettysburg, Theodore Roosevelt Jr (President)

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It is cold here in New York City this morning. Today I am going to catch up on the Gettysburg Address coverage that I did not have time to watch earlier in the week. On Friday a few of us watched the rebroadcast of Walter Cronkite’s covering the JFK assassination. It is worth noting that the assassination came three days after the 100th anniversary of the Gettysburg address, and that this was not lost on people of 1963; it certainly was not lost on the Kennedy family, who modeled the public mourning process at least in part on the events following Lincoln’s killing.

1904 U.S. government map

1904 U.S. government map

Theodore Roosevelt visited Gettysburg in 1904 and again in 1912. Roosevelt had always had a paasionate interest in the Civil War, which is not surprising being that his father did so much for the Union cause while his mother’s family served the Confederacy with equal fervor. The Civil War was personal at 28th East 2oth Street.

President Roosevelt arrived by train early morning on Memorial Day 1904, the entourage first stopping on Reynolds Avenue. One must remember that this was a mere 41 years after the battle and that the war was still part of living memory, not history; there were thousands of living veterans in attendance. The battlefield itself had been in a period of transition for the past decade. Gettysburg National Military Park was founded just nine years prior in 1895. The Electric Railway was now taking visitors across the battlefield. The year of Roosevelt’s visit his Bureau of Forestry planted over 8,000 trees on the grounds. There were still more statues to come, but the monument-building process that had begun in earnest twenty or so years earlier was just about complete by the time Roosevelt arrived in 1904.

The president had a firm grasp of military maneuvering; he had written what was still the authoritative text on the naval campaigns of the War or 1812, served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, and been a Rough Rider. The group drove the battlefield in carriages  for almost four hours. About halfway through, they were joined by Oliver Howard and Dan Sickles. The generals and the president hit all the highlights, which is what one does when first visiting Gettysburg. They were eventually joined on Little Round Top by William M. Robbins, a major in General Law’s 4th Alabama. His presence may or may not have been coincidental. The 4th Alabama was formed in Dalton, Georgia in 1861; Theodore Roosevelt’s mother was from Roswell, Georgia.

President Roosevelt gave the Memorial Day address from the newly-renovated rostrum in the cemetery. There were 10,000 in attendance. He hit all of the notes–Union, Emancipation, Reconciliation. It is worth noting that 1904 was an election year. Roosevelt had come into office three years earlier not through the election box, but via an assassin’s bullet. He ascended to the White House when McKinley was shot in Buffalo, New York. Roosevelt yearned for the legitimacy that would come with an election victory.

He was almost halfway there. President Roosevelt was nominated by his party at the Republican Convention in Chicago less than a month later. Harry Stillwell Edwards, the Southern writer and postmaster of Macon, Georgia, was chosen to second the nomination.

Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton

17 Tuesday Sep 2013

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Gettysburg, New York City

≈ 1 Comment

One of the most intriguing things about Lower Manhattan, at least to me, is its juxtaposition of the old, often very old, and the new. Judging by the photograph in the previous post, one could be forgiven for not grasping this. In the midst of all those skyscrapers, however, right there on tip in fact, is the St. Elizabeth Seton Shrine. From afar one cannot see it amidst the much taller buildings, but it is there. Here it is close up, as I took it last week. The skyscrapers are clearly visible behind it. All of this is right across the street from the Staten Island ferry.

Shrine of Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton, 7 State Street

Shrine of Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton, State Street, New York City

Saint Elizabeth was beatified by Pope John XXIII in 1963 and canonized in 1975. In fact, she was the first native born American so designated. Seton was born Elizabeth Ann Bailey in New York CIty in 1774 just prior to the American Revolution. Her family bounced around a great deal during and after the war, living in Pelham, Staten Island, and in different spots in Lower Manhattan. At one time they lived next to Alexander Hamilton at 27 Wall Street. (Hamilton is buried in nearby Trinity Church, in an unmarked grave. ) She and her husband even fêted George Washington, on his sixty-fifth birthday no less.

Legend has it that the structure above may have been a stop on the Underground Railroad, though evidence proving so has not surfaced. It was used for the Union War effort during the Civil War. Here is the plaque  on the exterior wall.

Watson House plaque

Many of these buildings were torn down in the mid-twentieth century to make way for office space. That is New York City for you.

Here are a few more details.

Seton hanging plaque

Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton

Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton

The story is more detailed than I am writing here, but Elizabeth ended up converting to Catholicism, moving to Maryland, and founding the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph’s in Emmistburg in 1809 . She died there in 1824.

Those who know their Gettysburg Campaign may know where I am going with this. The First and Eleventh Corps both passed through Emmitsburg hurrying on their way to the battle. The Sisters of Charity, with other locals, gave assistance to the Army of the Potomac in the form of food, rest, and information about the surrounding area. Here is the view of the terrain.

View from St. Joseph's College and Mother Seton Shrine, Emmitsburg, MD

View from St. Joseph’s College and Mother Seton Shrine, Emmitsburg

One of the most touching vignettes about the Battle of Gettysburg is the death of General John Reynolds. Reynolds of course died on July 1st, killed instantly by a bullet to the head. Unbeknownst to his family until just after his death, Reynolds was secretly engaged to a woman named Kate Hewitt. He was even wearing something like an engagement ring, engraved “Dear Kate”, when he died. After his death, Kate Hewitt joined the Sisters of Charity in Emmitsburg but disappeared mysteriously three years after the war.

The Hayfoot and I had wanted to stop here for several years and finally did this past June during the 150th anniversary of the Gettysburg Campaign. Gettysburg itself is about 6-8 miles up the road. It is an incredible story on so many levels.

Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton's final resting place, St. Joseph’s Cemetery

Saint Elizabeth Anne Seton’s final resting place, St. Joseph’s Cemetery

(St. Joseph’s College image/Mike Rakoski, NPS)

The Civil War in my life

01 Monday Jul 2013

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Civil War sesquicentennial, Gettysburg, Memory

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Alexander Gardner image of Antietam’s Sunken Road

I wrote the piece below for the Antietam 150th and decided to republish it today for the anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg. Between now and 2015 I will probably re-post it yet again for the remaining major milestones of the war. It is hard to believe that the sesquicentennial is more than half over.

Today is the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest day in American history. Last night my wife and I were watching some of the C-SPAN and other coverage, which led to a conversation about the Civil War’s role in my life. Some things have the ability to captivate us always. My list includes the Beatles, New York City, Elvis, both World Wars, Rod Serling’s The Twilight Zone, Sinatra, and the American Civil War. Don’t ask me to explain; how does anyone know from where in the human imagination such interests arise? Now middle-aged, I have nonetheless reached that point where I am so removed from the events of my younger days to see where the roads turned. For me, the Civil War path has taken several twists.

The first was when I was ten and my uncle gave me a book of Matthew Brady photographs. I was too young to pick up on at the time but the book was a reprint of Benson J. Lossing’s History of the Civil War. Thankfully I was also too young to read the dense prose. If I had I might still be influenced by its early 20th century take on the War of the Rebellion. It was something like the Time-Life books about the Second World War many people had in their living rooms in the 1970s and 80s. Fun to look at, but not especially reliable. Still, the Civil War photo were captivating, especially to a latchkey kid whose parents had uprooted him from his home in Connecticut and transplanted to Florida before divorcing two years later. I lost the book over the years until seeing it again for $10 in a Border’s a few years ago. I shelled out the money but eventually gave the book away, worried about the accuracy not just of the text but even the captions on the photographs themselves. For starters, we now know that many “Brady” photos were actually taken by Alexander Gardner, Timothy H. O’Sullivan, or other members of Brady’s studio. The captions on old photographs are often wrong as well. I have read my Frassanito.

I got away from the Civil War during my high school and college years but had my interest piqued again when Ken Burns’s documentary was released in 1990. It is a dramatic film, beautifully choreographed, that inspired many of us to delve more into the literature. This in turn led me to purchase Bruce Catton’s American Heritage Picture History of the Civil War when it was re-released with updated maps, art work, and photographs in 1996. At this time I was going to graduate school and working fullltime at a large chain bookstore to make ends meet. Often I worked until midnight and came home too wound up to go to sleep immediately. I would sit at my tiny kitchen table eating my 1:00 am dinner and reading Catton’s lyrical prose. I was still too young and unaware that Catton was part of any historiographical “school.” Ironically, I never took a Civil War class in either grad or undergraduate school. This is especially unfortunate because I did my undergraduate work at the University of Houston and could have studied with Joseph Glatthaar.

The next turn came with the release of Tony Horowitz’s Confederates in the Attic in 1998. Many readers enjoyed it for its anecdotes about the levels of farbiness one finds at Civil War reenactments. What I most took from the book though was how little we know about the war, despite the tens of thousands of books written on the subject. Self serving regimental histories. Lost Cause mythology. The foggy memories of aging veterans visiting the battlefields of their youth. Flaws in the Official Records of the War of the Rebellion. It was all new to me. It was (and is) terrifying also to think that everything one knows about something could be wrong. Even worse is realizing that there might be no way ever to know the full story of something, even by extension one’s own life. The next year I visited Shiloh for the first time when I went out to visit my dad. Other than a quick one hour stop at Fredericksburg in 1997 when I got off the freeway during my move to New York, I had never visited a Civil War battlefield before. After that we visited Pea Ridge, Vicksburg, and Shiloh again. This is where I became fixated on the myths and memory of the war.

In 2008 I visited Gettysburg for the time, and the following year I went back with the woman who became my wife a few months later. That year we also went to Sharpsburg in what has become something of an annual pilgrimage. There is no substitute to walking a Civil War battlefield. On that same trip we also visited Harper’s Ferry on what was the anniversary year of John Brown’s raid. This got me thinking harder about the sesquicentennial and the opportunity it presented to think harder about American Civil War and its place in our history. I never romanticized the Civil War–and I was certainly never a Lost Causer–but I believe I think more critically and less sentimentally about that conflict than I might have when I was younger. This in turn led to another path, the one I am on now, where I started this blog to make the leap from buff to serious writer. I feel I am now finding my niche, which include the Civil War in New York, and Civil War veterans in the Gilded Age among other aspects.

In a nutshell that is the Civil War in my life. Last night, looking at the images from over the weekend on the Antietam NPS Facebook page, I couldn’t help but wonder how many of the children taken to the event by their parents will become captivated by this tragic event in our history. Some will forget almost immediately, but years from now others will look back on the commemoration of 2011-2015 as the spark that started it all.

Gettysburg sesquicentennial is on

28 Friday Jun 2013

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Civil War sesquicentennial, Gettysburg

≈ Comments Off on Gettysburg sesquicentennial is on

Hey all, I thought I would send off a quick missive before heading back to New York City. I am typing this from our apartment in DC. About an hour ago I dropped off the rental car before hopping on the Shady Grove metro. We had a great time in Gettysburg this past week. We did it right by going the week before the battle anniversary. The crowds were heavy but manageable up until yesterday. Thursday (yesterday) morning it suddenly became REALLY busy, as in Times Square busy. That said, I must say that the Park Service had things under control; the hard work of the last several years made a clear difference. It was fun being in the VC and talking to folks from all over the country. Many of the people there were reenactors in town for the first of two events taking place in the next couple of weekends. Reenacting is not my thing, but to each his own. The only hiccup so far was a power outage at the Visitor Center on Wednesday morning caused by a powerful summer storm the evening before. People milling around said traffic lights were not working in parts of town as well. When I came back later in the afternoon everything was back to normal. Yesterday afternoon as I was coming down Taneytown Road I noticed workers building a huge stage near the Leister Farm (Meade’s Headquarters). The adjacent Ziegler’s Grove looks great sans the old cyclorama building. When we picknicked there one day I wondered aloud how many 2013 first timers will be unaware it ever existed. Such is the evolution of the park.

The battle anniversary is of course July 1-3, which is next Monday-Wednesday. The downside to that is that the weekday schedule may impact television coverage. I am going to check the tv listings to see what C-SPAN has scheduled over the weekend through next week. This is really a once-in-a-lifetime thing. Make time.

Summer officially begins

21 Friday Jun 2013

Posted by Keith Muchowski in Gettysburg

≈ Comments Off on Summer officially begins

Gettysburg 150 logoI am sorry about the dearth of posts this week, but I have been getting ready to go to Gettysburg for the sesquicentennial. I have been to Gettysburg several times over the years, including a memorable trip with my soon-to-be-wife in 2009, and must say that I have never been more excited about being there than I am for the 150th. Usually we make the drive to Antietam as well, but I think this year it will probably be all Gettysburg, all the time. Last year was the first year I felt I understood how the battle, the town, and even the region all fit together; this year I want to expand on that. I intend to take some of the extended ranger hikes and things like that. I am also planning on tracking the ground walked by the Florida regiments who fought in the battle, which is of interest to me because I grew up in the Sunshine State. This is a manageable undertaking because there only 2-3 such regiments, ideal for an afternoon of tramping. The trick in 2013 is to stay off-the-beaten-path because the crowds are going to be so big, especially now that the anniversary of the campaign is underway. I am intentionally putting off reading Allen Guelzo’s Gettysburg: The Last Invasion until I return. There may be a quick visit to Monocacy in there as well. I have always wanted to the site of The Battle That Saved Washington, and it happens to be on the way back to where we are headed the final day.

When I get back I will have a lot on my plate, including volunteering at Governors Island National Monument and my book proposal. It should be a fun summer. FYI, it will be light posting, if any, between now and the end of the month.

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